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<noinclude>{{rpsv.from.wpsv}}</noinclude> {{ infobox software | name = Semantic MediaWiki | logo = [[Image:SemanticMediaWiki Logo.png|frameless]] | caption = Semantic MediaWiki logo | developer = [http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:SMW_Project various] | latest release version = 1.6.1 | latest release date = {{release date|2011|08|20}} | operating_system = [[Cross-platform]] | programming language = [[PHP]] | database = [[MySQL]] | genre = [[MediaWiki]] extension | license = [[GNU General Public License|GPL]] | website = http://www.semantic-mediawiki.org/ }} '''Semantic MediaWiki''' (SMW) is an extension to [[MediaWiki]] that allows for annotating [[semantic web|semantic data]] within wiki pages, thus turning a wiki that incorporates the extension into a [[semantic wiki]]. Data that has been encoded can be used in semantic searches, used for aggregation of pages, displayed in formats like maps, calendars and graphs, and exported to the outside world via formats like [[Resource Description Framework|RDF]] and [[comma-separated values|CSV]]. ==Authors== Semantic MediaWiki was initially created by Markus Krötzsch, Denny Vrandečić and Max Völkel, and was first released in 2005. Its development was initially funded by the EU-funded [[FP6]] project [[SEKT]], and was later supported in part by Institute AIFB of the [[University of Karlsruhe]] (later renamed the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). Krötzsch remains the lead developer as of 2011, while other core developers are Jeroen De Dauw and Yaron Koren.<ref>[http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:SMW_Project SMW Project], semantic-mediawiki.org</ref> ==Basic syntax== Every semantic annotation within SMW is a "property" connecting the page on which it resides to some other piece of data, either another page or a data value of some type, using [[tuple|triples]] of the form "subject, predicate, object". As an example, a page about [[Germany]] could have, encoded within it, the fact its capital city is [[Berlin]]. On the page "Germany", the syntax would be: <pre><nowiki> ... the capital city is [[Has capital::Berlin]] ... </nowiki></pre> which is semantically equivalent to the statement "Germany" "Has capital" "Berlin". In this example the "Germany" page is the ''subject'', "Has capital" is the ''predicate'', and "Berlin" is the ''object'' that the semantic link is pointing to. However, the much more common way of storing data within Semantic MediaWiki is via MediaWiki templates which themselves contain the necessary SMW markup. For this example, the "Germany" page could contain a call to a template called "Country", that looked like this: <pre><nowiki> {{Country ... |Capital=Berlin ... }} </nowiki></pre> The "Country" template would handle storing whatever the value of the parameter "Capital" is, using the property "Has capital". The template would also handle the display of the data. Semantic MediaWiki developers have estimated that 99% of SMW data is stored in this way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Semantic_templates |title=semantic templates help |publisher=Semantic MediaWiki |date= |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> Semantic MediaWiki also has its own inline querying tools. For instance, if pages about countries stored additional information like population data, a query could be added to a page that displays a list of all countries with a population greater than 50 million, along with their capital city; and Germany would appear in such a list, with Berlin alongside it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Inline_queries |title=inline queries help |publisher=Semantic MediaWiki |date=2011-06-22 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> ==Usage== Semantic MediaWiki is in use on over 250 public active wikis around the world, in addition to an unknown number of private wikis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://smw.referata.com/wiki/Special:BrowseData/Sites?Status=Active |title=List of active SMW-using wikis |publisher=Smw.referata.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/FAQ |title=Smw Faq |publisher=Semantic-mediawiki.org |date=2011-06-09 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> Notable public wikis that use SMW include the [[Metacafe]] wiki, [[SNPedia]], [[SKYbrary]], [[Metavid]], [[Familypedia]], [[OpenEI]],<ref>[http://energy.gov/news2009/8381.htm DOE Launches New Website to Bring Energy Technology Information to the Public], press release, December 9, 2009</ref> the [[Free Software Directory]] and [[Break.com]]'s Chickipedia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mademan.com/chickipedia |title=Chickipedia |publisher=Mademan.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Testimonials |title=Semantic MediaWiki testimonials page |publisher=Semantic-mediawiki.org |date=2011-06-30 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> Organizations that use SMW internally include [[Pfizer]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bio-itworldexpoeurope.com/Bio-It_Europe_Content.aspx?id=90726 |title=Bio-IT World 2009, Track 3 |publisher=Bio-itworldexpoeurope.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> [[Harvard Pilgrim Health Care]],<ref>[http://edw2010.wilshireconferences.com/sessionPop.cfm?confid=38&proposalid=2250 Wikify Your Metadata! Integrating Business Semantics, Metadata Discovery, and Knowledge Management], March 16, 2010, EnterpriseDataWorld Conference Schedule</ref> [[Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development]],<ref>[http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1641340&dl=GUIDE&coll=GUIDE&CFID=82402989&CFTOKEN=57074504 knowIT, a semantic informatics knowledge management system], [[WikiSym]] 2009, Laurent Alquier, Keith McCormick and Ed Jaeger</ref> the [[Pacific Northwest National Laboratory]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.ontoprise.com/smwforum/index.php/PNNL_Talk |title=Semantic MediaWiki Projects at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory |publisher=Wiki.ontoprise.com |date= |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]<ref>[http://cloudofdata.com/2009/01/bringing-the-semantic-web-to-museums/ Bringing the Semantic Web to Museums], Paul Miller, January 27, 2009</ref> and the [[United States Department of Defense|U.S. Department of Defense]].<ref>[http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Spring_2010_SMWCon#Saturday Flexible, purposive SMW use], SMWCon Spring 2010, Clarence Dillon</ref> SMW has notably gained traction in the health care domain for collaboratively creating bio-medical terminologies and ontologies.<ref>[http://www.academypublisher.com/jetwi/vol1/no1/jetwi01019496.pdf ''Semantic Wikis: A Comprehensible Introduction with Examples from the Health Sciences'']. [[Maged N. Kamel Boulos]]. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence, Vol. 1, No. 1, August 2009.{{Dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> Examples are LexWiki,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://informatics.mayo.edu/vkcdemo/lexwiki1/index.php/Main_Page |title=Informatics.mayo.edu |publisher=Informatics.mayo.edu |date=2009-07-14 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> which is jointly run by the [[Mayo Clinic]], [[National Cancer Institute]], [[World Health Organization]] and [[Stanford University]]; [[Neuroscience Information Framework]]'s [[NeuroLex]]; and the Concept Hub wiki,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.concepthub.org |title=Concepthub.org |publisher=Concepthub.org |date=2011-04-15 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> operated by [[3M]] Health Information Systems. Semantic MediaWiki is also supported on at least two [[wiki farm]] websites: Referata<ref>{{cite web|url=http://referata.com |title=Referata |publisher=Referata |date=2011-06-28 |accessdate=2011-07-21}}</ref> by default,<ref>[http://www.semanticweb.com/main/get_your_mediawiki_hosting_here_138962.asp Get Your MediaWiki Hosting Here], Jennifer Zaino, ''SemanticWeb.com'', December 1, 2008</ref> as well as [[Wikia]] on user request. ==Proposed use on Wikipedia== Some members of the [[academic community]] have been urging the use of SMW on [[Wikipedia]] since SMW was first proposed.<ref>{{citation|title=Wikipedia and the Semantic Web - The Missing Links|doi= |author=Markus Krötzsch, Denny Vrandecic, Denny Vr, Max Völkel|publisher= Proceedings of Wikimania 2005|date=2005}}</ref> In a 2006 paper, Max Völkel ''et al.'' wrote that in spite of Wikipedia's utility, "its contents are barely machine-interpretable. Structural knowledge, e.g. about how concepts are interrelated, can neither be formally stated nor automatically processed. Also the wealth of numerical data is only available as plain text and thus can not be processed by its actual meaning."<ref>{{citation|title=Semantic MediaWiki|author=M Völkel, M Krötzsch, D Vrandecic|date=2006|publisher=Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web|isbn=1-59593-323-9|url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1135863|doi=10.1145/1135777.1135863|page=585}}</ref> In a 2010 ''[[Technology Review]]'' online article, [[Wikimedia Foundation]] Deputy Director [[Erik Möller]] was quoted as saying that Wikimedia was interested in adding semantic capabilities to Wikipedia, but that they were unsure whether Semantic MediaWiki was the right solution, since it was unclear whether it could be used without negatively affecting Wikipedia's performance.<ref>[http://technologyreview.com/web/25728/page2/ Wikipedia to Add Meaning to Its Pages], Tom Simonite, ''Technology Review'', July 7, 2010</ref> ==Spinoff extensions== [[File:AcaWiki Semantic Forms screenshot.png|thumb|A form to edit a page, using the Semantic Forms extension]] A variety of open-source MediaWiki extensions exist that use the data structure provided by Semantic MediaWiki.<ref>[http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:SMW_extensions List of Semantic MediaWiki extensions].</ref> Among the most notable are: * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Forms|Semantic Forms]] - enables user-created forms for adding and editing pages that use semantic data * [http://smwforum.ontoprise.com/smwforum/index.php/HaloExtension_Product_Information Halo] - facilitates creation, retrieval, navigation and organization of semantic data via graphical and intuitive interfaces * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Drilldown|Semantic Drilldown]] - provides a [[faceted browser]] interface for viewing the semantic data in a wiki * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Compound Queries|Semantic Compound Queries]] - provides a parser function for displaying multiple queries at the same time, such as within a calendar or a map * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Result Formats|Semantic Result Formats]] - provides a large number of display formats for semantic data, including charts, graphs, calendars and mathematical functions * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Maps|Semantic Maps]] - displays geographic semantic data using various mapping services * [[mw:Extension:Semantic Internal Objects|Semantic Internal Objects]] - provides a parser function that allows for flexible storage of so-called "n-ary relations" within pages ==Community== The official gathering for Semantic MediaWiki developers and users is SMWCon, which has been held twice a year since 2010, in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], [[Amsterdam]], [[Arlington, Virginia]] and [[Berlin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/SMWCon |title=SMWCon homepage |publisher=Semantic-mediawiki.org |date= |accessdate=2011-09-25}}</ref> Each event has drawn around 30-40 attendees. ==See also== * [[DBpedia]] * [[Freebase]] * [[List of applications with iCalendar support]] * [[OntoWiki]] * [[SMW+]] == References == {{refs|30em}} == Further reading == * [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn9295 Software could add meaning to 'wiki' links], Matthew Sparkes, ''[[New Scientist]]'', June 7, 2006 * Markus Krötzsch, Denny Vrandecic, Max Völkel, Heiko Haller, [[Rudi Studer]]: [http://korrekt.org/index.php/Semantic_Wikipedia_%28JWS2007%29 Semantic Wikipedia]. [[Journal of Web Semantics]] 5/2007, December 2007. * {{de icon}} [http://www.linux-magazin.de/Heft-Abo/Ausgaben/2009/07/Struktur-fuers-Wiki Struktur fürs Wiki], Rolf Strathewerd, ''[[Linux-Magazin]]'', July 2009 * Smart, P. R.; Braines, D.; Bao, J.; Mott, D.; Huynh, T. D.; Shadbolt, N.: [http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/21464/ Supporting Distributed Coalition Planning with Semantic Wiki Technology]. In: 4th Annual Conference of the International Technology Alliance (ACITA'10). == External links == {{commonscat}} * {{official|http://semantic-mediawiki.org/}} * {{sourceforge|semediawiki}} * [[mw:Extension:Semantic MediaWiki|Semantic MediaWiki on mediawiki.org]] * [http://smw.referata.com/ Semantic MediaWiki Community Wiki] * [http://oxford.geeknights.net/2007/april-11th/talks/nick-grandy.mp4 Video of Nick Grandy explaining SMW] at an Oxford Geek Night * [http://korrekt.org/talks/Wikimania2007/SMW.html Semantic MediaWiki: Towards Wikipedia 3.0] [[Category:Semantic wiki software]] [[Category:MediaWiki extensions]] {{Semantic Web}} [[de:Semantic MediaWiki]] [[fr:Semantic MediaWiki]] [[ja:Semantic MediaWiki]] [[pt:Semantic MediaWiki]] [[ru:Semantic MediaWiki]] [[tr:Semantic MediaWiki]]

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